Aortic regurgitation is incompetency of the aortic valve causing flow from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole.
Causes include idiopathic valvular degeneration, rheumatic fever, endocarditis, myxomatous degeneration, congenital bicuspid aortic valve, aortic root dilatation or dissection, and connective tissue or rheumatologic disorders.
Symptoms include exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, palpitations, and chest pain. Signs include widened pulse pressure and an early diastolic murmur. Diagnosis is by physical examination and echocardiography. Surgical treatment is aortic valve replacement.
source:
http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec07/ch076/ch076b.html
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